国立大学法人 National University Corporation
国立大学の設置を目的として設立される法人。国立大学法人法に従って運営されるとともに、同法に定められない点については独立行政法人通則法を準用する。通則法が定める中期目標管理法人でもある。中期目標は国立大学法人等が６年間で達成すべき業務運営に関する目標であり、文部科学大臣がこれを定め当該国立大学法人等に示すとともに公表する。そして、国立大学法人等は中期目標を達成するために中期計画を作成する。
2004年４月の国立大学の法人化以降、国立大学法人の業務の財源の一部に充てるため、国は同法人に対し毎事業年度、運営費交付金を交付しており、国立大学法人は各法人の中期目標の達成状況等について調査・分析を行う国立大学法人評価を受けることになっている。
また、2020年４月施行の国立大学法人法の改正により、国立大学法人が２以上の国立大学を設置することができるようになり、その場合、法人の長を理事長、一方の大学の長を大学総括理事と呼ぶこととしている。
なお、独立行政法人とは、行政のスリム化・効率化を目指す国の行政改革の一環として、国から独立して公的な事務及び事業を実施することを目的に、独立行政法人通則法に基づき設立される法人のことである。2015年４月施行の独立行政法人通則法の改正により、業務の特性に応じた法人のマネジメントを目的として、中期目標管理法人、国立研究開発法人、行政執行法人の３つに分類され、それぞれ業務運営にかかる評価が行われる。機構は独立行政法人通則法を根拠として設置されている中期目標管理法人である。
2004年４月の国立大学の法人化以降、国立大学法人の業務の財源の一部に充てるため、国は同法人に対し毎事業年度、運営費交付金を交付しており、国立大学法人は各法人の中期目標の達成状況等について調査・分析を行う国立大学法人評価を受けることになっている。
また、2020年４月施行の国立大学法人法の改正により、国立大学法人が２以上の国立大学を設置することができるようになり、その場合、法人の長を理事長、一方の大学の長を大学総括理事と呼ぶこととしている。
なお、独立行政法人とは、行政のスリム化・効率化を目指す国の行政改革の一環として、国から独立して公的な事務及び事業を実施することを目的に、独立行政法人通則法に基づき設立される法人のことである。2015年４月施行の独立行政法人通則法の改正により、業務の特性に応じた法人のマネジメントを目的として、中期目標管理法人、国立研究開発法人、行政執行法人の３つに分類され、それぞれ業務運営にかかる評価が行われる。機構は独立行政法人通則法を根拠として設置されている中期目標管理法人である。
National University Corporation 国立大学法人
A corporation established for the purpose of founding a national university. The corporation operates in accordance with the National University Corporation Act, with the Act on General Rules for Incorporated Administrative Agencies applying mutatis mutandis to any matters not prescribed in National University Corporation Act. It is also an agency managed under the medium-term objectives as prescribed in the Act on General Rules. The medium-term objectives are targets relating to operational management that national university corporations should achieve over a period of six years, and are formulated by the Minister, who assigns them to national university corporations and publishes them. National university corporations prepare a medium-term plan for achieving the medium-term objectives.
Once national universities started to become incorporated in April 2004, the government began issuing such corporations with a management expense grant each business year to cover part of the cost of operating a national university corporation and such corporations are required to undergo national university corporation evaluation, which involves investigating and analyzing the condition of each institution’s achievement of its medium-term objectives.
Under the amendment to the National University Corporation Act that entered in to force in April 2020, national university corporations may establish two or more national universities, in which case, the head of the corporation is to be called the chairperson, while the head of one of the universities is to be called the executive trustee.
An incorporated administrative agency is a corporation established in accordance with the Act on General Rules for Incorporated Administrative Agencies, with the objective of conducting public administration and business independently of the government, as part of the government’s administrative reforms aimed at streamlining public administration and making it more efficient. Under the amendment of the Act on General Rules for Incorporated Administrative Agencies that entered into force in April 2015, such agencies are classified as either an agency managed under the medium-term objectives, a national research and development agency, or an agency engaged in administrative execution, and are subject to evaluation of the running of their operations, with the objective of ensuring that such corporations are managed in accordance with the specific nature of their operations. NIAD-QE is an agency managed under the medium-term objectives that has been established on the basis of the Act on General Rules for Incorporated Administrative Agencies.
Once national universities started to become incorporated in April 2004, the government began issuing such corporations with a management expense grant each business year to cover part of the cost of operating a national university corporation and such corporations are required to undergo national university corporation evaluation, which involves investigating and analyzing the condition of each institution’s achievement of its medium-term objectives.
Under the amendment to the National University Corporation Act that entered in to force in April 2020, national university corporations may establish two or more national universities, in which case, the head of the corporation is to be called the chairperson, while the head of one of the universities is to be called the executive trustee.
An incorporated administrative agency is a corporation established in accordance with the Act on General Rules for Incorporated Administrative Agencies, with the objective of conducting public administration and business independently of the government, as part of the government’s administrative reforms aimed at streamlining public administration and making it more efficient. Under the amendment of the Act on General Rules for Incorporated Administrative Agencies that entered into force in April 2015, such agencies are classified as either an agency managed under the medium-term objectives, a national research and development agency, or an agency engaged in administrative execution, and are subject to evaluation of the running of their operations, with the objective of ensuring that such corporations are managed in accordance with the specific nature of their operations. NIAD-QE is an agency managed under the medium-term objectives that has been established on the basis of the Act on General Rules for Incorporated Administrative Agencies.
関係法令 Related laws and regulations
国立大学法人法第２条第１項、同第10条、同第30条、同第31条
関連用語 Related items
作成日 Published date
2021/08/03