高等教育に関する質保証関係用語集 Glossary of Quality Assurance in Japanese Higher Education

用語集 大学設置基準

大学設置基準 Standards for Establishment of Universities

大学の設置認可を行う際の審査基準と、認可後も大学が備えておくべき最低限の基準として両方の役割を果たす文部科学省令。教育研究上の基本組織、教育課程、教員組織、施設・設備等の項目で構成される。戦後の教育改革の一環として、1956年に制定され、1991年に大幅な改正が行われた。この改正により、従来詳細に定められていた授業科目の種類、卒業要件単位数等が緩和され、教育研究の質の保証を大学自身に求めるという方針の下、大学による自己点検・評価が努力義務と定められた。さらに1999年に自己点検・評価の実施と結果の公表が義務化された。2004年にはこれらについて学校教育法で義務化されるとともに、認証評価機関による評価が義務化されて、現在の認証評価制度につながっている。
高等専門学校、大学院、短期大学、大学通信教育、短期大学通信教育、専門職大学院、専門職大学及び専門職短期大学においてもそれぞれ設置基準が定められ、同様の経緯を経て制定・改正されている。

Standards for Establishment of Universities 大学設置基準

A MEXT order that serves both as a set of criteria for approving the establishment of a university and as the minimum standards that universities should meet after approval. The order includes sections on the basic units for education and research, curricula, organizations of academic staff, and facilities and equipment. The standards were instituted in 1956 as part of the postwar educational reforms and underwent substantial revision in 1991. Under this revision, the detailed provisions on subject types and the number of credits required for graduation were relaxed and, based on a policy of requiring the universities to take responsibility for the quality assurance of education and research, it was stipulated that universities must make efforts to conduct self-assessment. In 1999, universities became obliged to conduct self-assessments and publish the results. In 2004, these obligations were formalized under the School Education Act, along with an obligation to undergo evaluation by a certified evaluation and accreditation organization. This leads to the current system of certified evaluation and accreditation.
There are separate sets of standards for the establishment of colleges of technology, graduate schools, junior colleges, distance learning programs at universities, distance learning programs at junior colleges, professional graduate schools, professional and vocational universities, and professional and vocational junior colleges.

関連用語 Related items

作成日 Published date

2021/08/03
文字列検索